Dada
From Wikipedia
Dada or Dadaism was an international art movement that developed in the context of World War I and its aftermath and the Futurist movement, first established in Zürich, Switzerland, and later quickly spread to Berlin, Paris, New York City and a variety of artistic centers in Europe and Asia. The Dada movement's principles were first collected in Hugo Ball's Dada Manifesto in 1916. Ball is seen as the founder of the Dada movement. Ball found himself disgusted with the war; he didn't agree with the idea of humans being simply using a fighting machine for war. Ball’s key ideas were a rejection of logic and reasoning due to the chaos of the war. Dadaism was created to motivate people to have a violent reaction rather than passive reactions like other forms of artistic protest. It was used as a way to create a new language of resistance within the arts, and went beyond that as a way for people to expose what they believed was wrong with the culture that had led to World War I. Other key figures in the movement included Emmy Hennings, Jean Arp, Johannes Baader, Marcel Duchamp, Max Ernst, Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven, George Grosz, Raoul Hausmann, John Heartfield, Hannah Höch, Richard Huelsenbeck, Francis Picabia, Man Ray, Hans Richter, Kurt Schwitters, Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Tristan Tzara, and Beatrice Wood, among others. The Dadaism movement was considered dead by the 1930s, but participants were still active pursuing other artistic endeavors while bringing their ideas of Dadaism with them. A renewed interest in Dadaism started in the 1940s with it only growing from there, now you can see the influence of Dadaism on many modern day art movements. The movement influenced later styles like the avant-garde and downtown music movements, and groups including Surrealism, nouveau réalisme, pop art, and Fluxus. Dadaism influenced art through its use of collages, abstractive art, and the way it draws on pop culture. It was seen across artistic mediums, primarily taking root in the art of performance. At the time most Dadaists worked under a guise of secrecy due to its counter-culture behavior, with most of the documents and communications of the time being hidden away, past artifacts of Dadaism were sparse, until 1979 when the University of Iowa created The International Dada Archives, an online special collections made up of all current collections from the creation and peak of Dadaism.
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